How far is it across Beleriand? It looks like it should be many hundreds of miles. Would a people like the Edain, who seem to have a generation time of fourty years at least (they seem to have a 30-ish age of maturity, based on geneologies, and that's assuming that they are more "human like" and less "elf like").

I suppose it's possible, but I just get the feeling that this amount of migration seems compressed to me.

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Q2: Why do think the people of Caranthir paid little heed to Men? Did they think that Men were not of much use to them? Or was the arrogance of Feanor’s blood that caused this?

One thing that is apparent about the Sons of Fëanor and probably those who willingly follow them is extreme cultural (and probably racial) arrogance. They regard themselves as superior to the rest of the Noldor, far superior to any of the Sindar, and even if we were to treat the Edain as basically mortal Elves, they would be no "higher" than the Sindar by the standards of the Three C's. If the Edain are something more Human-like, then they would be even more inferior.

Q4: The Edain desire to go into the West. Do you think they know that cannot go thither? Do the Elves know that? If both don’t know, do you think that there is miscommunication between the Men and Elves going on here: the Men think that expect the Firstborn to teach them the way West?

I'm not sure Tolkien thought this through (in fact, I don't think that he thought the Edain through in general - one reason why he never published the Sil is because he wasn't satisfied with it himself).

Given this, I think that it is up to how we interpret the Edain. If the Edain are basically mortal Elves, that it is possible that they really can go into the West, certainly if Varda lets 'em (even if Manwë isn't so sure). On the other hand, if they're plain, ordinary Humans like the people of the Younger Days, then they probably have no thought of the holy West, and want to go as far west from the dangers that they have been facing in the east as they can. If they're something in-between, well, you can choose any of the possibilities that Eowyn (the forum Eowyn, not the character) named.