Something I actually know something about. Selective breeding. That
is, they identified the traits they wanted and matched stallion to mare to
(hopefully) produce those traits and to improve on the ones that weren't as
strong. For example: I have a mare with very nice conformation and
good bone. I wanted a baby that still had the good bone and the fabulous
disposition so, I looked for a stallion with good bone and a good
disposition. I didn't like my mares neck and head as much and wanted to
improve on her movement so, I also wanted a stallion with a great neck, head
and wonderful movement. The match worked pretty well and I got a filly
with size that looks like she will have good bone and has a wonderful
diposition. The stallion improved on the neck (but maybe not as much as I
would like)and a little on the head (shrug). I'm still waiting to see on
the movement as she doesn't do anything between walk and
runasfastasshecan. Of course, after all this, nutrition and training are
still
factors.